Luke Chapter Six
v.1 “1And it came to pass
on the second sabbath after the first, that he went through the corn fields;
and his disciples plucked the ears of corn, and did eat, rubbing them in their hands.”
In the opening of chapter six, it is
a Sabbath day and Jesus and his disciples are walking from one place to another
and apparently walking on a footpath through a field of grain. Not maize which we call corn today, as it is
an
v.2 “2And certain of the
Pharisees said unto them, Why do ye that which is not lawful to do on the
sabbath days?”
The Pharisees find
another way to criticize. What was the
problem? As some of our brethren today
want to bind where God has not, they had an overly restrictive view of what was
permitted on the Sabbath. Under the
Mosaic Covenant they were restricted from working but the Pharisees carried
this restriction to an extreme and called this casual activity “work.” They held David in very high regard as a man
of God so in his rebuttal Jesus uses him as an example:
v.3-4 “3And Jesus answering them said, Have ye not read so
much as this, what David did, when himself was an hungered, and they which were
with him; 4How he went into the house
of God, and did take and eat the showbread, and gave also to them that were
with him; which it is not lawful to eat but for the priests alone?”
As is common in his
answers to the Pharisees and men of the Mosaic Law, and as we should today,
Jesus gives them a scriptural example. David
and his men are on the run from Saul and hungry:
I Samuel 21:6 “6So the priest gave him hallowed bread: for there was
no bread there but the showbread, that was taken from before the LORD, to put
hot bread in the day when it was taken away.”
This was hallowed bread; sacred bread, bread
set aside for a purpose and to feed to priests.
We find God’s commandment concerning it in Leviticus 24 beginning about verse 5 through verse 9:
“9And it shall be Aaron’s and his sons’; and they shall eat it in the
David did this and they did not condemn David; but then they weren’t
looking for a reason to condemn David, but they condemn Jesus. Then Jesus makes a statement that is obvious
to us and should have been obvious to them.
v.5 “5And he said unto them, That the Son of man is Lord also of the sabbath.”
Jesus is the Son of Man
and the Son of God, and God is Lord over all things including the Law that they
followed at that time. Jesus, as God’s
son then, is also the Lord over all things and the Law that they followed. It wasn’t perhaps so much that it was His
right to adjust this Law as He saw fit but that He understood perfectly every
purpose and intent of that Law and could make much more accurate applications
of it than they could.
v.6 “6And it came to pass also on another sabbath, that he entered into
the synagogue and taught: and there was a man whose right hand was withered.”
At another time, in
another place the Pharisees again prepare to challenge Jesus regarding their
overly restrictive traditions and practices that they had implemented over and
above the Mosaic Law about the Sabbath.
Why did Luke specifically say that it was his right hand? First of all, Luke was a physician, a doctor
and is very precise in his descriptions, especially those concerning the human
body. Secondly the right hand was the
hand that was most commonly used, the hand that was allowed to be dipped into
the community dinner pot, they didn’t use utensils like those that we use and
commonly used bread for the same purpose, using it to dip their food. To not have the use of a right hand was to be
an outcast. This is one of the reasons
that some cultures, even to this day, cut off the right hand of a thief and why
some cultures still place a stigma on someone who is naturally left-handed.
v.7-8
“7And the scribes and Pharisees watched him, whether he would heal on
the sabbath day; that they might find an accusation against him. 8But
he knew their thoughts, and said to the man which had the withered hand, Rise up, and stand
We would say that
the scribes and Pharisees were “laying” for Jesus, wouldn’t we? They were looking for some reason to accuse him, they were just waiting for him to slip. But he knows their thoughts and challenges
them directly. He has the man with the
withered hand to stand up in midst of the congregation of the synagogue. And he asks them a question:
v.9 “9Then said Jesus unto them, I will ask you one
thing; Is it lawful on the sabbath days to do good, or to do evil? to save life, or to destroy it?”
Is it lawful; is it
within the framework of the Mosaic Law to do good or
to do evil on the Sabbath day? Is it
lawful, or within the framework of the Mosaic Law to save life or to destroy
it? Now they are in a dilemma. Of course the answer is that it is lawful to
do good rather than evil and in order for us to be obedient to the Laws of God
we must do good when we have the opportunity.
v.10 “10And looking round about upon them all, he said unto the man, Stretch forth thy hand.
And he did so: and his hand was restored whole as the other.”
How do you think Jesus
looked about himself? Have you ever done
this? It works. In a meeting just before giving very explicit
instructions that are to be followed precisely you stop everything and go
around the table or around the room and make eye contact with each person. It need only take a few seconds.
Then he addresses the
man that needs to be healed and tells him to stretch forth his hand. Jesus does no work, he merely speaks, the man
does nothing that could be considered work (this is what Jesus enemies are
looking for) he simply reaches forth his hand.
It’s healed, completely and instantly.
v.11 “11And they were filled with madness; and communed one with another
what they might do to Jesus.”
What does this mean,
“they were filled with madness?” Have
you ever told someone a truth that they were denying but yet was
so obvious that they absolutely couldn’t miss it? What was their reaction? If they were denying something so obvious it
was something that they did not want to see, something that they did not want
to admit. Making them admit it only made
them angry or angrier than they were before, an anger that is now directed at
you. This is the situation here. These
people hadn’t even voiced their thoughts; he read them and answered them so
plainly that it could not be denied. Now
they are really angry with Jesus, so angry that they commune or plot amongst
themselves about how they can get even.
v.12 “12And it came to pass in those days, that he went out into a mountain
to pray, and continued all night in prayer to God.”
Jesus goes out to
mountain, a place where he could have some peace and prayed to God all
night. Jesus always prayed to God before
each of the major events in his life on earth.
This time is no different because we have recorded next his choosing of
the twelve that were to be his apostles.
v.13 “13And when it was day, he called unto him his
disciples: and of them he chose twelve, whom also he named apostles;”
Luke here distinguishes
between Jesus disciples and this chosen twelve that are called apostles. These were to be the leaders of his
kingdom. These were the ones through
whom the Holy Spirit would guide us to all truth. These were the ones that were to carry on his
work after he leaves this earth to return again to his rightful place with
God. Their choosing was an extremely
important event in the history of the Lord’s church. So let’s look at these men for a few moments.
v.14 “14Simon, (whom he also named Peter,) and Andrew his brother, James and
John, Philip and Bartholomew,”
Simon Peter, Andrew,
James and John we already know. They
were the fishermen that Jesus called to follow him that we mentioned in Luke
chapter 5. James was the one that Herod had
killed very early in the history of the church; (Acts 12:2), shortly after the conversion of Saul and
Cornelius. Philip was from
v.15 “15Matthew and Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, and
Simon called Zelotes,”
Next we have Matthew,
also discussed in chapter 5, called Levi by Luke in
that record and a publican or employee of the Roman government. Thomas, also called “Didymus”
which means “twin” and called Doubting Thomas by some, then James the son of Alphaeus, sometimes called James the less and Simon called
a Zelotes,
or a Zealot and called a Canaanite by Luke.
v.16 “16And Judas the brother of James, and Judas Iscariot, which also was the traitor.”
Finally we have two
named Judas, first the brother of James and probably the author of the book of
Jude and Judas Iscariot who is named here by Luke as a, or the, traitor; the
one who betrayed Jesus.
v.17 “17And he came down with them, and stood in the
plain, and the company of his disciples, and a great multitude of people out of
all Judaea and Jerusalem, and from the sea coast of Tyre and Sidon, which came
to hear him, and to be healed of their diseases;”
Jesus has been on the
mountain praying. His geographic
location was probably somewhere north of
v.18-19 “18And they that were vexed with unclean spirits: and they were healed.
19And the whole multitude sought to touch him: for there went virtue
out of him, and healed them
all.”
Even those that were troubled or
vexed with unclean spirits were healed.
The description here would indicate that they had numbers of evil or
unclean spirits that had control of their minds and bodies, causing them to be
a problem to themselves and anyone near them.
The
power of healing that Jesus had literally flowed from him; it was like and aura
or halo around him so much so that people struggled just to touch him and
that’s all they needed to do in order to be healed.
v.20 “20And he lifted up his eyes on his disciples, and said, Blessed be ye
poor: for yours is the kingdom of God.”
Luke
now gives us a synopsis of the sermon on the mount
recorded in more detail by Matthew in Matthew
5:1 – 7:28. Jesus may have even
repeated this sermon several times to different groups of people. After all these truths are simple and
compared to what men would concoct for the same purpose brief. We only have to look toward our civil law
that has grown from a brief few books at the beginning of our national history
to something that requires a huge building to contain.
Blessed
are the poor, why?
James
2:5
“5Hearken, my beloved brethren, Hath not God
chosen the poor of this world rich in faith, and heirs of the kingdom which he
hath promised to them that love him?”
v.21 “21Blessed are
ye that hunger now: for
ye shall be filled. Blessed are
ye that weep now: for
ye shall laugh.”
Blessed
are ye that hunger now; is Jesus talking about physical hunger? No, that is already covered when he talks
about the poor in the prior verse. He’s
talking about a hunger for righteousness.
Those that hunger for righteousness will find it in Jesus and be filled;
in this life to an extent and definitely in the next:
II
Peter
Likewise
those that weep now will be comforted.
Luke uses the stronger word here to describe our tears than Matthew does
in Matthew 5. There are two kinds of
sorrow; that which causes us to leave our worldly ways and find joy in Jesus
Christ and that sorrow with which most people around us are afflicted, the
sorrow of the world:
II
Corinthians
v.22 “22Blessed are ye, when men shall hate you, and when
they shall separate you from
their company, and
shall reproach you, and cast out your name as evil,
for the Son of man’s sake.”
Have
you ever been criticized or ostracized because of your faith and faithfulness
to God’ Word and the principles of true Christianity? If you are in business today you probably
will be. If you haven’t, you either are
very fortunate or you need to
worry just a little bit about how I’m doing in living my life by
God’s pattern.
In
the apostles time it would be worse and even in this nation is looking like it
will become that way again very soon.
Jesus warned them:
John
16:2 “2They shall put you out of the
synagogues: yea, the time cometh, that whosoever killeth you will think that he
doeth God service.”
Peter says be thankful if you are mistreated
because of your conscience and attitude toward God.
I
Peter
v.23 “23Rejoice ye in that day, and leap for joy: for,
behold, your reward is great in heaven: for in the like
manner did their fathers unto the prophets.”
Rejoice? How can men rejoice when they are set upon
from every side by those that are enemies of God? The apostles did.
Acts
It cost Stephen his life because he told the
Scribes and Pharisees, among other things:
“51Ye stiffnecked and uncircumcised in heart and ears, ye do always
resist the Holy Ghost: as your fathers did, so do ye. Acts
And the one who held the clothes of those
who killed Stephen wrote later in his life:
Colossians
1:24 “Who now rejoice in my
sufferings for you, and fill up that which is behind of the afflictions of
Christ in my flesh for his body’s sake, which is the church:”
v.24 “24But woe unto you that are rich! for ye have received your consolation.
Woe unto those who are rich,
why? Just because they
are rich? No, that would be a
contradiction. Joseph, who buried Jesus,
was a wealthy man. Barnabas, who
traveled with Paul, and did much good for the church in
v.25 “25Woe unto you that
are full! for ye shall hunger. Woe unto you
that laugh now! for ye shall mourn and weep.
Proverbs 14:12-13 “THERE IS A WAY
WHICH SEEMETH RIGHT UNTO A MAN, BUT THE END THEREOF are THE WAYS OF
DEATH. EVEN IN LAUGHTER THE HEART IS
SORROWFUL, AND THE END OF THAT MIRTH is HEAVINESS.
v.26 “26Woe unto you, when all men shall speak well of you! for so did their fathers to the false prophets.”
What
does the words “all men” mean here? Does
that mean woe unto us when good people speak well of us? Of course not, that would be inconsistent
with the rest of scripture. To have men
speak well of us is the mark of a true Christian; and it’s a requirement for an
elder:
“7Moreover he must have a good report of them
which are without; lest he fall into reproach and the snare of the devil.” I Timothy 3:7
He’s talking about those that the world
loves because they are of the world:
John
v.27
“27But I say unto you which hear, Love your enemies, do
good to them which hate you,”
Ouch;
this one is hard isn’t it? Is this
something new with God; did God give the Israelites anything to indicate how
they were to be toward their enemies?
Exodus
23:4 “4If thou meet thine enemy’s ox or his ass going
astray, thou shalt surely bring it back to him again.”
You
treat him just as you would anyone else.
Matthew
5:44 “44But I say unto you, Love your
enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for
them which despitefully use you, and persecute you;”
v.28 “28Bless them that curse you, and pray for them which
despitefully use you.”
Pray
for them how; that God would give them what they, in our minds, so justly
deserve? Two examples for your
consideration, first Jesus hanging on a wooden cross, dying:
Luke
And Stephen as the stones crushed his life
from him:
Acts
7:60 “60And he kneeled down, and cried with a loud
voice, Lord, lay not this sin to their charge. And when he had said this, he
fell asleep.”
Pray
for those who abuse you. Pray for those
who make your life miserable. Pray for
those who mistreat you. Pray especially
for those who belittle you because you try to live your life as a child of God.
v.29 “29And unto him that smiteth thee on
the one cheek offer also the other; and him
that taketh away thy cloak forbid not to take thy
coat also.”
Jesus
gives us two examples of how we should conduct ourselves. The first is to turn the other cheek. Where is another place that this admonition
is given? Isn’t this what Paul was
talking about to the Corinthians?
I
Corinthians 6:7 “7Now therefore there is utterly a fault among
you, because ye go to law one with another. Why do ye not rather take wrong?
why do ye not rather suffer
yourselves to be defrauded?”
Even
allow yourself to be defrauded, especially among brethren, not an easy thing to
do. If he takes your cloak or wrap,
don’t deny him your coat as well.
v.30 “30Give to every man that asketh of
thee; and of him that taketh away thy goods ask them not again.”
What
is Jesus talking about here? First of
all give to those who have need or ask of you; we have an obligation to help
those in need.
Galatians
All, not just those to whom we might choose, but all. Does that mean that we must never deny those
who would make their living off the generosity of other people? Does that mean if someone steals from us we
should just forgive and not report them to those responsible for enforcing the
law of the land? No. We’re talking about a mindset, an attitude of
generosity, a forgiving nature but it doesn’t mean that we should be doormats
for the world. Then Jesus gives us one
of the most cherished verses in the Bible and probably one of the most mis-quoted:
v.31 “31And as ye would that men should do
to you, do ye also to them likewise.”
We
normally think of it as “Do unto others as you would have them do unto you”;
what we call the “Golden Rule”.
v.32-33
“32For if ye love them which love you, what thank have
ye? for sinners also love those that love them. 33And if ye do good to them
which do good to you, what thank have ye? for sinners also do even the same.”
If
you love that love you, if you do good to them that do good unto you then you
are no better than the rest of the world around you. Jesus gives us a higher code of conduct to
follow. We are to do good
to others, we are to love others even if and when they do not do good to us or
love us. We do good
to others and love others because it is part of being a child of God and living
the Christian life. We are not to do
these things looking for some reward or praise here on earth, if so we have our
reward, but rather because we are children of God.
v.34 “34And if ye
lend to them of whom ye hope to receive, what thank have ye? for
sinners also lend to sinners, to receive as much again.”
If
we only lend to those from whom we expect to receive something. If we do good only
to those from whom we expect something good in return then we’re no better than
all the world around us. That’s not
God’s way, is it?
v.35 “35But love ye your enemies, and do good, and lend,
hoping for nothing again; and your reward shall be great, and ye shall be the
children of the Highest: for he is kind unto the unthankful and to the evil.”
In
all things Jesus is our example. He even
gave his life to save every soul on the face of this earth, even the vilest sinner
we can imagine. He exists in the image
of God because he is the Son of God. How
does God treat mankind? He gives us
everything we need doesn’t he, the opportunity for
salvation, the ability to earn a living, the earth that flowers and brings
forth fruit that we might live, he gives us life itself, completely,
unselfishly and without reservation. We are to follow His example.
Psalms
37:26 “He is EVER MERCIFUL, AND LENDETH; AND HIS SEED is
BLESSED.”
v.36 “36Be
ye therefore merciful, as your Father also is merciful.”
v.37 “37Judge not, and ye shall not be
judged: condemn not, and ye shall not be condemned: forgive, and ye shall be
forgiven:”
What
does Jesus mean when he tells us to judge not?
We study a parallel scripture in Matthew
7:1. It means that we are not to
judge harshly, we are not to judge unfairly, we are not to judge unjustly or be
hasty. We are not to form judgments
based upon jealousy, suspicion, hate or envy.
Jesus tells us through the pen of the apostle John:
John
We
are to make right or righteous judgments.
We are not forbidden to judge. People are to generate opinions, positions,
be able to discern good from evil, to be able to recognize and refuse
fellowship to false teachers. But we are
to do it rightly, or righteously. We
find the phrase “righteous judgment” only three times in the KJV; the only time
it is applied to man is in the verse just read.
The other two times it is used to describe the judgment of God; in other
words; we are to judge as God would judge.
False teaching brethren would use this admonition to prevent us from
marking, avoiding and refusing fellowship to them as God has commanded. They abuse and misuse God’s Word when they do
this.
v.38 “38Give, and it shall be given unto
you; good measure, pressed down, and shaken together, and running over, shall
men give into your bosom. For with the same measure that ye mete withal it
shall be measured to you again.”
Can
we out give God? Of course not; God is
ruler and creator of this universe; he has given us everything that we have and
that we are. We are to be generous as
well. The wise man of God wrote:
Proverbs
He that gives to the poor loans that gift to God. This is a beautiful thought isn’t it? And what will God do? Pay back that loan in full measure or as the
scripture says we will be repaid “good measure, pressed down”, “shaken down”,
running over. This reminds me of bagging
wheat or other grain. After the sack
appeared to be full, we would pick it up by the top, bounce it off the ground a
couple of times and find room for another shovel full. That is how God gives to us and that is how
we should give to others. Does our
giving to God of our time, talent and substance reflect this kind of an
attitude?
v.39 “39And he spake a parable unto them, Can the
blind lead the blind? shall they not both fall into the ditch?”
If
you were blind and could not see would you allow another blind person to lead
you about in your daily activities? Oh,
I see a young lady walking on
Matthew
v.40 “40The disciple is
not above his master: but every one that is perfect shall be as his master.”
The
ASV renders this verse as “WHEN HE IS PERFECTED SHALL BE AS HIS MASTER.” When he is complete, when his instruction is
finished he will be as the one doing the teaching. A disciple or learner is not above the one
who is teaching him. We understand the
logic in this proverb of Jesus. We will
be like the one or like those who we follow and imitate. If we are following one who is blind
spiritually then we are in danger of being misled.
v.41 “And why beholdest thou the mote that
is in thy brother’s eye, but perceivest not the beam that is in thine own eye?”
What
is God’s special admonition to those who would teach others?
James
3:1
“BE NOT MANY OF YOU TEACHERS, MY BRETHREN, KNOWING
THAT YE SHALL RECEIVE HEAVIER JUDGMENT.” (ASV)
Usually
when we study this verse we apply it only to finding fault in other people but
the application is much broader than that.
When we take upon ourselves the responsibility to instruct others,
whether it be to teach God’s word, or some secular skill, or to correct someone
who is living contrary to God’s word; we place ourselves in a superior
position. We place ourselves in the
position of Master and stand in judgment of that person (back to verse
37). It may be judgment of their
knowledge or skill level in some task, in God’s word or in righteous
living. We should always do that in
humility and without a superior air or attitude toward that person. We are looking closely and can see their
smallest fault, we are to remember that we have faults
of our own. Now when we see that fault
in our brother, that failing or shortcoming in the one we may be teaching, what
should we do? Jesus says do a self-examination:
v.42 “42Either how canst thou say to thy brother, Brother,
let me pull out the mote that is in thine eye, when thou thyself beholdest not
the beam that is in thine own eye? Thou hypocrite, cast out first the beam out
of thine own eye, and then shalt thou see clearly to pull out the mote that is
in thy brother’s eye.”
Make
sure that you don’t have a worse fault than the one you are trying to correct
in someone else. If you do, correct it
first. What does he call those who
don’t? Hypocrites. Their fruit is corrupt, it’s not “FRUIT OF
THE SPIRIT” (Galatians
v.43-44 “43For a good tree bringeth not forth
corrupt fruit; neither doth a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit. 44For
every tree is known by his own fruit. For of thorns men do not gather figs, nor
of a bramble bush gather they grapes.”
We
all know that we don’t gather figs from thorn trees or grapes from bramble
bushes or as the old expression we’ve heard many times “you can’t get blood out
of a turnip”. If men are corrupt in
their thinking their judgment will be corrupt.
We see more examples around us that we would care to count. As a people we chose some of the most
spiritually corrupt people in our country, put them in our government, place
them on our judicial benches and what do we get? Should we ever wonder why this country is the
moral mess that it’s in?
v.45 “45A good man out of the good treasure of his heart
bringeth forth that which is good; and an evil man out of the evil treasure of
his heart bringeth forth that which is evil: for of the abundance of the heart
his mouth speaketh.”
What
does the wise man of God tell us in his proverb? “FOR AS HE THINKETH IN HIS HEART, SO is
HE:…” Proverbs 23:7 This is given in
conjunction with a warning not to eat the bread of one who has an evil
eye. Don’t associate yourself with those
who are evil or corrupt. Because out an
evil man comes evil, out of a good man comes good. If we desire to be children of God, we must
be men from which only good comes.
v.46 “46And why call ye me, Lord, Lord, and do not the things
which I say?”
Why
do you claim to follow me as Lord, why do you call me Lord, why do you claim to
recognize me as your Master and refuse to do what I say? The prophet wrote to the Israelite people:
Malachi
1:6
“6A son honoureth his father, and a
servant his master: if then I be a father, where is mine honour? and
if I be a master, where is my fear? saith the
LORD of hosts unto you, O priests, that despise my name, And ye say, Wherein
have we despised thy name?”
It
makes perfect sense, doesn’t it? If we
really are children of God, if we really do recognize Jesus Christ as Lord of
our lives, we will do what he commanded.
Yet, by far, most of the people who claim to be children of God, who
claim that Jesus Christ is Lord of their lives teach false doctrines, worship
God as they please, if they please, when they please, obey Him when it’s
convenient and ignore Him when it isn’t.
How many millions of people will stand before God in the day of judgment like the priests of
“23And then will I profess unto them, I never knew you:
depart from me, ye that work iniquity.” Matthew 7:23
v.47-48 “47Whosoever cometh to me, and heareth my sayings, and
doeth them, I will show you to whom he is like: 48He is like a man which built
an house, and digged deep, and laid the foundation on a rock: and when the
flood arose, the stream beat vehemently upon that house, and could not shake
it: for it was founded upon a rock.”
When
we apply God’s word to our practical experience it becomes so plain. Jesus draws an analogy. When we build a house, we build on a solid
foundation. A man who hears what Jesus
says is like a man that builds his house on a rock, solid rock. The house I grew up in, back in
v.49 “49But he that heareth, and doeth not, is like a man
that without a foundation built an house upon the earth; against which the
stream did beat vehemently, and immediately it fell; and the ruin of that house
was great.”
Those
that do not hear God, or do not obey God’s word are like a man building a house
on an earthen foundation, or as Matthew records in Matthew
“17Therefore to him that knoweth to do good, and
doeth it not, to him it is sin.” James 4:17